What are Kulaks/Kulacks?
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According to the Webster Dictionary, a Kulak is a prosperous farmer or peseant in 19th century Russia.

  • Kulaks, during the rise of communism owned relatively large farms and several head of cattle and horses.
  • During the Russian civil war the Kulaks fought on the side of the white army or along with the russians who wished to bring back the Czarist regime
  • The term Kulak was originally intended to be derogatory.Being started when the communists needed to use the Kulak class as a scapegoat when collectivization failed.
    "We will keep out the Kulacks"
    "We will keep out the Kulacks"

  • Russian communist propaganda painted them as greedy and standing in the way of the "utopian" collectivization
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  • In the Russian language, "Kulak" means "fist".
  • The name is derived from the idea that the farmers were "tight fisted" or greedy
  • Stalin declared "Merciless war against the Kulaks! Death to them."
  • As a way to rid the country of Kulacks they were deported to Siberia. These families were left with no food or supplies.
  • In total an estimate number of 4 to 8,000,000 peolpe were killed during the Anti-Kulak era
We found a brief article written in 1934 at Kulaks at the time and it shows how the propaganda of stalin and his government manifested itself into anger towards the Kulak class. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,787774,00.html
Character Parallel
external image aflogo.jpg In chapter seven the Kulaks are the pigs Napoleon kills along with the way Snowball is blamed for all of the wrong doings that have taken place.

  • The slaughter of the four pigs and the many other animals represents how the Kulaks where murdered through starvation and being worked to death.
  • The way Snowball is blamed to have come back at night and demolished the windmill. Is similar to how even after the Kulaks had been banished Stalin and his government still blamed the food shortages on the greed of the Kulaks.
  • The Kulaks are also represented by the hens. The hens have their own eggs and napoleon wants to take them away from them just like the Kulaks got their farms taken from them.

Websites we used:
http://www.indepthinfo.com/russia/kulaks.htm
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/324575/kulak?view=print
http://www.knowledgerush.com/kr/encyclopedia/Kulak/